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Makerspace, Slicing 3D Models for Printing

Slicing is a crucial step in 3D printing. It converts your 3D model into machine instructions (G-code) that your printer understands. With the right slicing settings, you can control print quality, speed, material usage, and strength. This tutorial explains how slicing works and how to use slicer software effectively.

Step 1: What Is Slicing?

Slicing takes a 3D model (.STL, .3MF, .OBJ) and “slices” it into thin horizontal layers. It then generates G-code that tells the printer where to move, how fast, when to extrude filament or resin, and how to build each layer.

Step 2: Choose a Slicer

  • Cura: Free, open-source, very popular for FDM printers
  • PrusaSlicer: Optimized for Prusa and many other printers
  • Lychee / ChiTuBox: For resin slicing
  • IdeaMaker: Feature-rich and customizable

Step 3: Import the Model

  • Open the slicer and import your .STL file
  • Position, rotate, and scale the model as needed
  • Use auto-layout to fit multiple objects

Step 4: Configure Printer and Filament

  • Select your printer profile or create a new one
  • Choose the correct nozzle size, filament diameter, and material type

Step 5: Key Print Settings

  • Layer Height: Affects detail and print time (0.2mm = standard)
  • Infill: Controls internal structure (20–30% for most prints)
  • Walls/Shells: Outer layers for strength and aesthetics
  • Supports: Adds material under overhangs or floating parts
  • Build Plate Adhesion: Brim, raft, or skirt to help first layer stick

Step 6: Preview and Slice

  1. Click “Slice” to generate a layer-by-layer simulation
  2. Use the preview to check structure, supports, and print time
  3. Adjust settings if needed before saving

Step 7: Save G-code

  • Save the G-code file to an SD card, USB stick, or send over Wi-Fi if supported
  • Ensure the file is saved in the correct format for your printer

Step 8: Advanced Tips

  • Tree Supports: Save filament and reduce marks
  • Adaptive Layers: Variable layer height for speed + detail
  • Ironing: Smooths the top layer for a polished finish
  • Speed/Acceleration Control: Reduce ringing on detailed parts

Next Steps

Try slicing simple models with default settings, then experiment with infill types, speeds, and temperatures. Mastering slicing gives you full control over your 3D printing results!